A review of wildland fire spread modelling, 1990-present, 1: Physical and quasi-physical models

In recent years, advances in computational power and spatial data analysis (GIS, remote sensing, etc) have led to an increase in attempts to model the spread and behaviour of wildland fires across the landscape. This series of review papers endeavours to critically and comprehensively review all types of surface fire spread models developed since 1990. This paper reviews models of a physical or quasi-physical nature. These models are based on the fundamental chemistry and/or physics of combustion and fire spread. Other papers in the series review models of an empirical or quasi-empirical nature, and mathematical analogues and simulation models. Many models are extensions or refinements of models developed before 1990. Where this is the case, these models are also discussed but much less comprehensively.Comment: 31 pages + 8 pages references + 2 figures + 5 tables. Submitted to International Journal of Wildland Fir

Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition

A unique collection of oceanic samples was gathered by the Tara Oceans expeditions (2009–2013), targeting plankton organisms ranging from viruses to metazoans, and providing rich environmental context measurements. Thanks to recent advances in the field of genomics, extensive sequencing has been performed for a deep genomic analysis of this huge collection of samples. A strategy based on different approaches, such as metabarcoding, metagenomics, single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics, has been chosen for analysis of size-fractionated plankton communities. Here, we provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). The association of these metadata to the experimental procedures applied for their generation will help the scientific community to access these data and facilitate their analysis. This paper complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from the Tara Oceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world’s planktonic ecosystems

Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition

A unique collection of oceanic samples was gathered by the Tara Oceans expeditions (2009-2013), targeting plankton organisms ranging from viruses to metazoans, and providing rich environmental context measurements. Thanks to recent advances in the field of genomics, extensive sequencing has been performed for a deep genomic analysis of this huge collection of samples. A strategy based on different approaches, such as metabarcoding, metagenomics, single-cell genomics and metatranscriptomics, has been chosen for analysis of size-fractionated plankton communities. Here, we provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). The association of these metadata to the experimental procedures applied for their generation will help the scientific community to access these data and facilitate their analysis. This paper complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from the Tara Oceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world's planktonic ecosystems

ActionMap: a web-based software that automates loci assignments to framework maps

Genetic linkage computation may be a repetitive and time consuming task, especially when numerous loci are assigned to a framework map. We thus developed ActionMap, a web-based software that automates genetic mapping on a fixed framework map without adding the new markers to the map. Using this tool, hundreds of loci may be automatically assigned to the framework in a single process. ActionMap was initially developed to map numerous ESTs with a small plant mapping population and is limited to inbred lines and backcrosses. ActionMap is highly configurable and consists of Perl and PHP scripts that automate command steps for the MapMaker program. A set of web forms were designed for data import and mapping settings. Results of automatic mapping can be displayed as tables or drawings of maps and may be exported. The user may create personal access-restricted projects to store raw data, settings and mapping results. All data may be edited, updated or deleted. ActionMap may be used either online or downloaded for free (http://moulon.inra.fr/~bioinfo/)

Optimisation de l’insertion d’implants orthopédiques non cimentés par une méthode acoustique basée sur l’analyse de la force d’impact

Selon la Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS), environ 150 000 personnes subissent chaque année en France une pose de Prothèse Totale de Hanche (PTH). Malgré la fréquence de l’intervention, environ 5% à 10% d’échecs sont constatés dans les 10 ans suivant l’opération [1], ce qui pénalise les patients et engendre des coûts pour le système de santé. Dans le cas d’implants non-cimentés, la stabilité primaire de l’implant est en effet obtenue grâce aux contraintes qui s’exercent à l’interface avec l’os dues à un sous-dimensionnement de la cavité osseuse par rapport à la taille de l’implant. L’enjeu pour le chirurgien est donc d’insérer suffisamment l’implant afin d’éviter la création de micro- mouvements sans néanmoins provoquer de fracture péri-prothétique. Or, le chirurgien ne dispose d’aucun outil d’évaluation en temps-réel de l’état de stabilité de l’implant dans l’os et se base actuellement sur le son produit par le marteau lors de l’impact [2]. Dans cette étude qui porte sur la tige fémorale, nous nous intéresserons au signal de la force d’insertion, enregistrée grâce à un capteur de force présent sur la face d’impact du marteau orthopédique. Nous montrerons que la forme du signal évolue avec l’étape d’insertion de l’implant dans l’os et avec son enfoncement. En particulier, l’intérêt se portera sur l’étude des rebonds de la pièce impactée sur le marteau et un indicateur temporel, correspondant à la distance entre les deux premiers pics du signal, sera analysé au cours de l’insertion. Les résultats de deux études in silico et ex vivo seront également mis en perspective. Cette mesure dynamique des propriétés du système os-implant ouvre des perspectives quant au développement d’un outil d’aide à la décision pour les chirurgiens. [1] NJR. (2017) 14th Annual joint registry report [2] G. Whitwell et al., (2013) Proc Inst Mech Eng

THE OSTEOCYTE LACUNO-CANALICULAR NETWORK AT THE BONE-IMPLANT INTERPHASE IMAGED WITH FOCUSED ION BEAM -SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

International audienc

THREE-DIMENSIONAL OSTEOCYTE LACUNO-CANALICULAR NETWORK AT THE BONE IMPLANT INTERFACE

International audienc

THREE-DIMENSIONAL OSTEOCYTE LACUNO-CANALICULAR NETWORK AT THE BONE IMPLANT INTERFACE

International audienc

THE OSTEOCYTE LACUNO-CANALICULAR NETWORK AT THE BONE-IMPLANT INTERPHASE IMAGED WITH FOCUSED ION BEAM -SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

International audienc